PRINCIPLES OF NUTRITION

Study Guide

Chapter 7 (Alcohol section only)

Chapter 8 (Energy Balance and Body Composition)

Chapter 9 (Weight Control)

 

1.      What are anabolic and catabolic reactions?

2.      What is ATP?

3.      Which nutrients supply energy?

4.      What are enzymes and co-enzymes and what role do they play in energy metabolism?

5.      How do different alcoholic beverages differ in alcohol content and concentration?  Explain “proof”, % alcohol found in beer vs. wine vs. gin…etc.

6.      Explain the VIP status given to alcohol during liver metabolism.

7.      How does alcohol effect the brain?

8.      What causes a hangover and how is it cured?  What are some of the myths surrounding hangover curse?

9.      Why must pregnant women not consume alcohol?  Describe FAS and the risks imposed to the fetus in the first trimester as compared to the last trimester of pregnancy.

10.  How does alcohol interfere with good nutrition?

11.  How many kcals are found in one gram of alcohol?

12.  What is BMR?  What factors effect it?  How can it be changed?

13.  What factors in addition to BMR affect our energy output?  How can those factors differ from person to person?

14.  What is BMI?  How do we define “healthy body weight”?  What is good advice regarding a person’s body size?  How does body shape impact risk for disease? How can waist-to-hip ratio be used?

15.  What organ is the control center from eating behavior?  What is the difference between hunger and appetite?  How does this affect our eating behavior?

16.  How many kcals are found in one pound of fat?  How many kcal/day must a person expend to loose one pound of weight in a week?  What is a reasonable rate of weight loss?

17.  What are the components of successful weight loss?

18.  How does the media impact our body image and behavior regarding body size?

19.  How much weight loss per week is considered safe?  What is yo-yo dieting and how does that impact health?  How can you identify safe and unsafe weight loss programs?

20.  What is anorexia nervosa and bulimia?  How are they treated?

 

 


Chapter 14 (Fitness)

Chapter 19 (Consumer Concerns About Food and Water)

 

1.      Define fitness?  What is required to achieve fitness?  What are the benefits?

2.      What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic activities?  Where does one’s fuel or energy supply come from for these activities?  What kind of diet is best for each?

3.      How does cardiovascular conditioning affect long term health?  What key factors influence successful conditioning?

4.      Under what conditions does exercise offer the best impact on weight loss?  What intensity and how long must one exercise in order to burn fat?  Why?

5.      What is the role of creatine phosphate, CP, in energy production?  What kind of physical activity could benefit from a good supply of CP?  What are the risks associated with supplements?

6.      How does exercise stimulate muscle building?  When does this muscle/protein synthesis take place?  When and what should you eat to support this synthesis?

7.      Do athletes require nutrient supplements?  What dietary advice would you offer an athlete in order to meet their nutritional needs?  What should a “pregame” meal include?  … Postgame meal? … Next meal following a demanding workout?

8.      Describe how various types of athletes meet water and electrolyte needs.

9.      Describe some of the commercially available supplements and the risks associated with their use?

10.  What is the difference between food poisoning and food infection?  Provide an example of each.  

11.  What are the basic guidelines for safe food handling?   How can they be applied at home, while traveling, and throughout the commercial food industry?

12.  How do environmental contaminants get into our food supply?  How can we safeguard ourselves from ingesting toxic levels of these contaminants?

13.  What is the GRAS list?  How is it controlled?  What are the pros and cons of this system?

14.  What are the risks and benefits of food additives?  Describe some that are used to keep food safe.  Describe some that are used to make food more appealing to the consumer. 

15.  What are indirect food additives?  How have they infiltrated our lives in recent years? What are their risks?

16.  How is biotechnology used in today’s food industry?  What are the pros and cons?